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Pipistrellus raceyi
''Pipistrellus raceyi'', also known as Racey's pipistrelle, is a bat from Madagascar, in the genus ''Pipistrellus''. Although unidentified species of ''Pipistrellus'' had been previously reported from Madagascar since the 1990s, ''P. raceyi'' was not formally named until 2006. It is apparently most closely related to the Asian species ''P. endoi'', ''P. paterculus'', and ''P. abramus'', and its ancestors probably reached Madagascar from Asia. ''P. raceyi'' has been recorded at four sites, two in the eastern and two in the western lowlands. In the east, it is found in open areas and has been found roosting in a building; in the west it occurs in dry forest. Because of uncertainties about its ecology, it is listed as "Data Deficient" on the IUCN Red List.
With a forearm length of 28.0 to 31.2 mm (1.10 to 1.23 in), ''Pipistrellus raceyi'' is small to medium-sized for a species of ''Pipistrellus''. The body is reddish above and yellow-brown below. The wings are dark and the feet are small. Males have a long penis and baculum (penis bone), which is somewhat similar to those of ''P. endoi'', ''P. abramus'' and ''P. paterculus''. In the skull, the rostrum (front part) is less flat than in related species and the supraorbital ridges (above the eyes) are prominent. The fourth upper premolar does not touch the upper canine and the second lower premolar is well-developed.
==Taxonomy==
Since they were first recorded in 1905, when Thomas and Schwann described the species ''Vespertilio matroka'' (currently ''Neoromicia matroka''), the classification and status of small vespertilionid bats ("pipistrelles") from Madagascar have remained unclear. Although several species were recorded, they remained little known. A species of the genus ''Pipistrellus'' with affinities to Oriental (southeastern Asian) species was first recorded in 1995, and several later authors recorded one or more unidentified ''Pipistrellus'' species.〔
In 2006, Paul Bates and colleagues reported on a collection of 44 Malagasy "pipistrelles" received by the Harrison Institute, which included several species new to Madagascar, as well as a single species new to science.〔Bates et al., 2006, pp. 299–300〕 This species, a member of ''Pipistrellus'', was described as ''Pipistrellus raceyi''.〔Bates et al., 2006, p. 301〕 In a 2007 article, Steven Goodman mentioned it as part of a flurry of new bat species from Madagascar; the number of species increased from 27 in 1995 to 37 in 2007.〔Goodman, 2007, p. 13〕 The specific name, ''raceyi'', honors bat researcher Paul Racey and the describers suggested the common name "Racey's pipistrelle bat".〔 ''P. raceyi'' closely resembles the Asian species ''P. endoi'', ''P. paterculus'', and ''P. abramus'', and Bates and colleagues hypothesized that it may be related to these species. If this is true, the ancestors of ''P. raceyi'' presumably reached Madagascar from Asia, not from Africa like most of the island's bat fauna. ''P. raceyi'' shares this distinction with a few other Malagasy bats: the large fruit bat ''Pteropus rufus'' and both species of the small insectivorous bat ''Emballonura'' recorded on Madagascar.〔Bates et al., 2006, p. 321〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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